The Echo of Candia and Morea Wars in Bosnia Seen Through Tije Activity of Bosnian Feudal Family Filipović From Glamoč

Abstract

Rewiev on the feudal family Filipović during the period of Candia, Viennese and Morea Wars is made on the basis of the previous analysis of the historical circumstances in the area where the members of this feudal family lived during the Ottoman period (sanjaks of Krka and Klis). Description of the genealogy branch of the first four generation of the Moslem family Filipović is in the same function. The most prominent person in the third generation of this family was Yusuf-alaybey, the participant in many actions during the Candia War, and the bearer of various high functions. Through the description of his work the author also presents the circumstances in the sanjaks of Klis and Krka and in their border regions in over four decades period. Different and various sources are used in order to clear up the work of this and other members of the family Filipović: official reports of the sides in war, memoirs, correspondence and even folk tradition. Military career of Yusuf-alaybey was extreemly convenient for folk tradition, because this prominent member of the family Filipović moved a lot and got into various situations about which the written trace exists. War operations at the beginning of the Candia War found this Filipović as Klis' Alaybey in Knin with small garrison. He left it without fight and departed for Klis. In the middle of March 1645 General Foscolo attacked this fortress from three sides and besieged il completely. The siege lasted out a few days, because the garrison of Klis - inspite the presency of the considerable number of women, children and elder persons who came from Drniš, Knin and Vrlika - resisted the attackers courageously and cleverly. After several days of the exhaustive siege, negotiations started about the conditions of surrender. When the conditions were precised Venetians insisted that Turks give them certain hostages among whom was Yusuf-alaybey Filipović. However, while unarmed civil people were leaving the fortress a horrible bloodshed happened. The author here cites the historian Grga Novak: " ... a general attack began, unworthy of the soldiers, brutal treatment of men, women, taking away, undressing, killing. The massacre at the battlefield was not only the result of the cruelty of solidiers from Poljice and Morlacs but also the lust for plunder led the whole cavalry, hard and light, Italian infantry, as well as German, to take part in the massacre ... All the army competed in robbery and grabbing not only the material goods but also nice girls and boys. Over 250 men and women were killed in that chaos and about 200 were secretly taken to slavery. It was the disgrace which after the victory stained the honour of Venetian army and to which Venetians were very exasperated". Yusuf-alaybey was sent to Solin with all the other hostages, but hc escaped from there during the night, together with his escort. This made the Sanjakbey of Klis, Mehmedbey Mustajbegović to offer himself to General Foscolo in exchange for the escaped prisoner, what the General did accept.