"Contributions to Oriental Philology" (POF) is a scientific journal that publishes papers in the field of Ottoman studies, Oriental philology, Oriental-Islamic literature and art.
Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Orijenatlni institut, Sarajevo
Mehmed Kico, Amrudin Hajrić, Uvod u orijentalnu filologiju - Vedad Hurić Dragana M. Đorđević, Uvod u klasičnu arapsku leksikografiju (VIII-XVIII vek) - Dželila Babović Berin Bajrić, Orijentalno-islamsko naslijeđe u djelu Muḥāḍara al-ʼawāʼil wa musāmara al-ʼawāḫir Ali-dede Bošnjaka - Dželila Babović Esad Duraković, Muhammed Mufaku, Antologija poezije Arapskog Istoka XX vijeka - Berin Bajrić Dünyada Turkoloji I-III - Hamza Kurtanović Mustafa İsen, Tuba Durmuş, Balkanlarda Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi - Madžida Mašić Munir Drkić, Ahmed Zildžić, Carstvo teksta: Tuḥfe-i Šāhidī i njegova upotreba u osmanskoj Bosni - Đenita Haverić Aida Mujezin Čolo, Čajniče i okolina, 15. i 16. stoljeće - Emina Mostić Adnan Kadrić, Alma Omanović-Veladžić, Bužim u osmanskim dokumentima - Emina Mostić Adis Zilić, Faruk Taslidža, Sedad Bešlija, Haris Dervišević, Ahmet Kurt, Sinan-paša Borovinić: društveni status, porijeklo, politički uspon, početak urbanizacije Mostara - Amir Džinić Katalog arapskih, turskih, perzijskih i bosanskih rukopisa Historijskog arhiva Sarajevo, svezak četvrti IV - Elma Dervišbegović Medicina bez granica: zdravlje i liječenje u osmanskoj Bosni – Zbornik radova - Madžida Mašić
Copyright (c) 2024 Prilozi za orijentalnu filologiju
Türkolog Milan Adamović’in Türkçe tasnifi
Türkolog Milan Adamović, 1985 yılında yayımlanmış olan Konjugationsgeschichte der Türkischen Sprache (=Türk Dilinin Fiil Çekim Tarihi) adlı doçentlik çalışmasında Anadolu’da Türkçe ilk eserlerden itibaren günümüze kadar süregelen Türkçeyi dil özellikleri esasında beş döneme ayırarak tasnif etmiştir. Eski Anadolu Türkçesi olarak adlandırdığımız ilk iki dönem halk dili, konuşma dili ve yazı dilinin birbirine en yakın olduğu devirdir. Üçüncü dönem, Osmanlı Beyliği’nin güçlendiği ve halk dilinin baskın olmaya başladığı dönemdir. İzleyen dönemlerde dilin merkezi olan İstanbul’da Türkçe önce Balkan diyalekti etkisinde kurulup zamanla Anadolu’dan gelenlerin artmasıyla değişime uğramaya başlamıştır. 19. yüzyılın sonundan itibaren yazı dilinde değişiklikler artmıştır. Dilin gelişimi açısından bütün dönemler önemli olmakla birlikte makalede özellikle Eski Anadolu Türkçesi olan birinci ve ikinci dönem ayrıntılı olarak irdelenmiştir.
Hasan Kaleši – povodom 100 godina od rođenja (1922-1976)
U socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji decenijama su djelovala dva odsjeka za orijentalistiku: jedan u Beogradu (osnovan 1925) i drugi u Sarajevu (osnovan 1950). Ta dva odsjeka imali su relativno različite odnose prema onome što je Edward Said nazvao orijentalismom – dakle prema ideologiji evrocentrizma koji se odnosio prema Orijentu (muslimanskom svijetu na Orijentu) kao prema intelektualno i moralno inferiornom „predmetu“ svojih izučavanja. Beogradska orijentalistika je u tome bila epigon evropske orijentalistike. Manje evrocentrički usmjerena bila je orijentalistika u Sarajevu, a za Orijentalni institut u Sarajevu ne bi se moglo reći da je bio „kontaminiran“ ideologijom evrocentrizma. Akademik Hasan Kaleši je osnovao treći odsjek za orijentalistiku u Prištini (1973), dajući mu posebnu profilaciju i naučničku orijentaciju. Ovaj polihistor i poliglot, filolog u najpozitivnijem značenju klasičnog njemačkog pojma filologija, dao je izuzetan doprinos naučničkom a ne ideološkom orijentiranju „jugoslovenske orijentalistike“. Njegov impresivan opus (a preminuo je u naponu intelektualne snage, naučnoistraživačkog iskustva i entuzijazma) može biti zasebno istraživan imanentnim metodama i u različitim aspektima, ali ga ovdje predstavljam kao orijentalistu bez ideoloških predrasuda i usmjerenja, s punom sviješću da orijentalistika izučava elemente orijentalno-islamske baštine nekih jugoslovenskih naroda, te da je, kao takva, unekoliko i nacionalna disciplina.
On the Timar System and Military Salaries Through Ottoman Documents of the Archives of Bosnia and Herzegovina From the 17th to the First Years of the 19th Century
In this paper, we write about the oldest Ottoman documents (berats, firmans, buyuruldis and tezkiras) from the Collection of Gifts and Redemptions of the Archives of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which talk about the allocation of land holdings (timars) and appointments to military duties. Along with the presentation and analysis of the amount of military salaries and income over the centuries, we tried to approximate the value of land holdings and military salaries in this period.
On the Origin of the Settlement Dizdaruša Near Brčko
Dizdarević, Dazdarević, and Dizdarlija are among the surnames that are common in Bosnia and Herzegovina. These surnames are derived from the Persian noun „dizdar“ (dizdār), which referred to the commander of a fortress during the Ottoman rule. As well as surnames, this term also generates the names of settlements as Dazdarlije, Dizdarev Potok, and Dizdaruša, specifically from the role of dizdar. This essay aims to elucidate the history of the Dizdaruša settlement, which is located close to Brčko. A certain Ali (Alija), who was an officer in the household troops of the Grand Vizier Lala Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, was the first to deliver news of the capture of the Esztergom fortress by Ottoman troops in 1605 to the Sublime Porte in Istanbul. As a reward for this, he obtained a lifetime position as the commander of the Ottoman castle of Brčko. According to the report, this appointment might have been a pivotal moment in the development of the Dizdaruša village near Brčko.
Kanunnama About Devshirma From the Time of Bayezid II (1481-1512)
As a contribution to the study of devshirma, the paper presents the Kanunnama on the recruitment of janissary youths, which dates from the reign of Sultan Bayezid II (1481-1512). In the introduction, the term devshirma itself is explained and basic information about its origin and implementation is presented. Also, the introductory part includes a short overview of the scientific literature that deals with the process of recruiting young men into the janissaries. The following chapter presents the mentioned kanunnama, basic information about its manuscript copies and historical significance. The most important segment of this work is the integral translation of the Kanunnama on the recruitment of janissary youth, which represents the basis of the functioning of the acemi ocak. The aforementioned kanunnama was compiled into eight legal articles that had to be strictly observed when recruiting young men into the janissaries.
The Legacy of Fatima Dudija Hatun, Sarajevo Benefactor
In this paper based on the available Ottoman archival sources and accessible secondary literature, an attempt is made to reconstruct the life of a Sarajevo benefactor from the end of the 18th and the first half of the 19th century, who bequeathed part of her property for religious and educational purposes. Based on the inventory of the property remained after her death, we tried to get a closer picture of the private life of a woman benefactor, then to provide information about the way and style of her life, then on the type of household furniture, textile furniture, kitchen utensils, decorative objects and other things that adorned and filled the interior of her home. Likewise, we analyzed the jewelry she owned, the style of her daily clothing, the type and quality of the materials of the clothing, and information about the rest of her movable and immovable properties. The person in case was named Fatima Dudija hatun, daughter of Pehlivan Husejn-aga, from Sarajevo, resident of Careva Mahala.
the end of the 18th and the first half of the 19th century
Portrait of Ottoman Statesman Hekimoglu Ali Pasha (1689-1758): Life, Career and Personality
The article reconstructs unknown facts about life and administrative achieve- ments of Ottoman statesman Hekimoglu Ali Pasha who held the office of Grand Vizier three times and was famous for the victory at the battle of Banja Luka in 1737. Ali Pasha’s life also provides an insight into the trends of Ottoman administrative politics, which in his case deviated from the trends of the postclassical era of the Ottoman Empire. Also, Pasha’s merits in the cultural, architectural, intellectual and technological transformation of the Empire indicated a change that would be fully realized only a century later. Parallel to the downward trajectory of his career, one can observe the gradual change in his character which can be reconstructed through the archival correspondence with the Republic of Dubrovnik. The transformation of his character can be also seen through the prism of his political maturation in the period from the first to the last appointment in Bosnian eyalet (1736-1748).
The Supreme Kadis (Mollas) of Bosnia in the Second Half of the 17th Century
The highest representative of the judicial authority and one of the most im- portant levers in the administrative apparatus of the Ottoman Empire in one province (eyalet) was the molla. He was granted extensive powers and the ability to control other officials of the Ottoman authority. Considering the role and importance of those high-ranking Ottoman officials, the paper aims to present the individuals who were appointed to the Eyalet of Bosna as well as the dynamics of changes in these positions in the second half of the 17th century. In cases where it was possible, insight was given into their education and experience, as well as some interesting facts from their lives. In order to achieve this, the contents of various individual and collective documents were analyzed. The presented data contribute to a better understanding of Ottoman judicial practice and the specific activities of judges in Bosnia in the 17th century.
Tithe, One-Fifth, One-Third, One-Half: Preliminary Notes On The Wider Scope of Agrarian Relations in Ottoman Bosnia in the Classic Period
Thus far, in dealing with the issue of agrarian relations in 16th-century Otto- man Bosnia the focus has been on the miri land regime, that is, on the state ownership, with a concession made for a different type like the vakıf or mülk land. Some attention was occasionally paid to phenomena such as land lease in the early phase, lump-sum paying, and gradual spread of çiftliks as an occurrence that was running against the classic regime and the like. Thereby a simple fact was overlooked, i.e., the “silent”, but necessary presence of a kind of relationship that must have coexisted with the miri regime without contradicting it. This was the very important fact rooted in the question of the volume of agrarian output, mainly the grain. From village to village the grain to people ratio was uneven: sometimes there was enough per capita, but often it was much above or much below the needs of the community as expressed by the social minimum. Here opens the possibility of taking the “surplus” in the shape of a rate higher than the tithe (or one eight) on the basis of private agreement, outside the scope of the Sacred Law. In order to present this matter in broader outline a comparison was necessary with other parts of the Empire (East Central Anatolia, Southern Syria and Palestine) where rates up to one half of the produce were in vigor according to local regulations with religious approval. The apparently diametrically opposite to each other, the two ap- proaches had still much in common “here” and “there”.
The Employment in the Mines of Skopje In the 15th and 16th Centuries (Kadi, Emin, Nazir and Kâtips)
German Saxon miners played an active role in the exploitation of the rich mineral deposits in Bosnia and Serbia throughout the Middle Ages and in the enrichment of the region. After the conquest of Istanbul, during the reign of Mehmed the Conqueror, these rich mineral deposits were gradually captured and incorporated into the Ottoman borders. As a matter of fact, the Ottoman bureaucracy made great efforts to ensure the continuous operation of these mining areas through the nazirs as well as the kâdi and the emin. Accordingly, the mines in what is today the majority of Macedonia, western Bulgaria, Ko- sovo and the southern parts of Serbia were transformed into a mukataa under the name of the Nezaret of Skopje to be administered from a single source. The silver and gold from these mines were converted into coins at the mints of Novo Brdo, Skopje and Kratovo, located close to the region. Although previous studies have provided information about the people involved in the exploitation of a mine, these are generally evaluated in the context of law codes. In particular, the information on katips is limited, and there is no de- tailed information on how many people served in a mine, what the process was for their appointment and dismissal, how much they were paid, whether there were wage differences between mines, and whether the wage balance varied from mine to mine. This study focuses on the work and remuneration of the scribes (maden, chashni, potok, tsarh, rosht, kalhane and sarraf), especially the kâdis who took part in the supervision phase of the mines and the scribes who recorded every stage of the mines, as well as the scribes who took office with the preference of the refugee and the salaries they received in return for their work. In addition, the nazirs, who assumed an important role in the control of the mukataas, and the military officers who assisted them in fulfilling this task were evaluated. In particular, the literature provides enlightening information about the katips who worked in the mining areas, the jobs they performed, the issues that were taken into consideration in their appointment and dismissal, and the salaries they received while performing these jobs.
Polysemy in Verbs Derived From Loanword Bases in Western Turkic Languages
This paper will present 137 polysemic verbs derived from loanword bases (nouns and adjectives) in Western Turkic languages, focusing on their use in Türkiye Turkish. As such, Türkiye Turkish will serve as the base language while Azerbaijan Turkish, Turkmen Turkish, and Gagauz Turkish equivalents will be used to make comparisons and draw certain conclusions. Since the noun stems from which the verbs are derived are not etymologically Turk- ish, it is impossible to track their historical phases giving the frames of this paper. The main sources or reference for Türkiye Turkish are Türkçe Sözlük and Kubbealtı Sözlüğü. Most of the corpus this research is based on consists of verbs formed by the suffix +lA- (132). The following suffixes also appear: +Al- (2), +A- (1), +Ar- (1), and +sA- (1). By creating a corpus with an over- view of elements from the four Western Turkic languages, it will be possible to draw valuable conclusions about semantic changes of polysemic verbs derived from loanword stems (from nouns and adjectives that in Türkiye Turkish have the status of loanwords).
Mahmud Derviš, Sabrana djela (Esad Duraković) Olga Vladimirovna Sarıgöz, Praktičeskaja grammatika sovremennogo tureckogo jazyka (v dialogah i tablično-shematičeskih objasnenijah) (Ekrem Čaušević) Amina Šiljak-Jesenković, Re/konstrukcija priča o Lj/ljubavi: fabule i izbor stihova iz mesnevija u prijevodu na bosanski jezik (Madžida Mašić) Emrah Seljaci, Poezija Fevzija Mostarca na osmanskom turskom jeziku (Madžida Mašić) Aladin Husić, Devširma u Bosni: o regrutaciji Bosanaca u janjičare (Muamer Hodžić) Elma Korić, Oblikovanje granica Bosne: Bosna u ahdnamama i hududnamama iz 16. i 17. stoljeća (Aladin Husić) Faruk Taslidža, Između ratova – na granici svjetova: društveno-privredni odnosi Hercegovačkog sandžaka u prvoj polovini XVII stoljeća: (1606–1645) (Emina Mostić) Hana Younis, A qadi in the Christian Empire (Amir Džinić) Dijana Pinjuh, Anđelko Vlašić, Tragom Evlije Čelebija kroz Hercegovački sandžak (Dino Mujadžević) Uloga i značaj Gazi Husrev-bega u historiji Bosne i Hercegovine: zbornik radova sa naučnog skupa “Uloga i značaj Gazi Husrev-bega u historiji Bosne i Hercegovine” Sarajevo, 22. septembar 2021. godine (Madžida Mašić) Zamišljanje žene, o ideološkim i kulturnim konceptima ženskog roda u povijesti Bosne i Hercegovine (Edin Omerčić) Dženita Karić, Bosnian Hajj Literature: Multiple Paths to the Holy (Amer Maslo) Katalog arapskih, turskih, perzijskih i bosanskih rukopisa, Svezak treći. (Madžida Mašić)
Copyright (c) 2023 Prilozi za orijentalnu filologiju
H. Yıldırım Ağanoğlu, Osmanlı belgelerinde Koniçe
H. Yıldırım Ağanoğlu, OSMANLI BELGELERINDE KONIÇE / KONJIC U OSMANSKIM DOKUMENTIMA, Ustanova Narodni univerzitet Konjic, Yunus Emre Enstitüsü, Balans, Konjic, 2022, 135 str.
The Sin, Evil, Ugliness and Horror of Blue: Blue Eyes in 14th-15th Century Divan Poetry
In Turkish poetic and prose works written during the 14th and 15th centuries, the blue eye color was synonymous with danger, hatred, repulsion and wickedness, both in this world and in the afterlife. According to some stories and texts, blue eyes, which the Turks accepted as sacred, chosen, and superior in pre-Islamic times, became associated with liars, sinners, terrifying, wicked, and ruthless people and beings in Turkish poetic and prose works written in and outside of Anatolia during the 14th and 15th centuries. This article traces the use of blue eyes in 14th and 15th century Divan poetry. First, the works that depict blueeyed wicked, terrifying, ruthless, ugly, and deceitful characters and beings are identified. Later, the reason behind this notable negative attitude towards blue eyes is explored and revealed by examining its origins.
Between the Sovereignty, State-control and Non-interference in Religion. The Islamic Community and the Muslims of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Antithesis of the German Orientalist Carl Heinrich Becker (1876–1933)
February 2023 marks the 90th anniversary of the death of Carl Heinrich Becker (1876–1933), a famous German orientalist, founder of modern Islamic studies in Germany and the Prussian Minister of Culture and Education (1921, 1925–1930). Since his appearance on the German and European intellectual scene at the beginning of the 20th century, C. H. Becker tried to focus his various interests not only on a historical and cultural research of medieval Islam but also on Muslim contemporary issues. Based on this, his analysis of the European colonial powers regarding their Islampolitik found its main motive in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy’s regulations on the legal position of the Bosnian Muslim’ religious and waqf-mearif institutions. Although some Bosnian authors, such as Ahmed Smajlović, Smail Balić, Nerkez Smailagić, Salih H. Alić, Fehim Bajraktarević and others, referred to Becker's scientific work, his notions about Bosnian Muslims remained mostly disregarded in Bosnian historiography and Islamic studies. Therefore, the aim of this article is to – using the literature, the press, Becker's numerous private correspondence, manuscripts and other archival sources – analyse Becker's observations about the Bosnian Muslims and their Islamic community through the practice of the Austro-Hungarian Islam policy. Thus, this paper analyses the method of his Islampolitik in the context of his antithesis of the sovereignty, state-control and non-interference in religion.
An'ām of Abdullah Ibn Salih from the Gornji Vakuf: Synergy of Picture and Text in Devotional Practice
An'ām is the name for manuscript codices that contain selected surahs from the Qur’an, prayers, blessings, pictures, graphics and seals that symbolically connect their owner or reader with the God Almighty, the Prophet Muhammad and holy places and important figures of Islamic history. These codices were long thought to be intended for private and socially restricted devotional use. However, the practice of enshrining them in public institutions, especially mosques and tekkes, as well as the existence of a large number of manuscript copies, shows that anʻām were very present and were used in wider social circles. In this paper, we will present the Anʻ'ām of Abdullah ibn Salih from Gornji Vakuf, stored in the manuscript collection of the Oriental Institute of the University of Sarajevo (OIS, R 86). By compiling selected religious texts and combining them with illustrations, Abdullah ibn Salih created a work that offers an insight into pious practices in Bosnia at the end of the 18th century and documented how the prayer texts were read, used and integrated into everyday life. Using a phenomenological approach in the analysis of Abdullah ibn Salih’s An'ām, we will point out the importance and role of text, representative images and graphics in the sacred context, and deal with their ritual use and the discovery of the hidden meanings of their empirical manifestation.
Cultural Heritage of Bosnia and Herzegovina II: Manuscripts of the Elči Ibrahim Pasha’s Madrasa in Travnik
This paper presents the manuscript collection of the Elči Ibrahim Pasha’s madrasa in Travnik. This collection contains 105 manuscript codices written in Arabic, Turkish and Persian. In the 1940s, the manuscript collection of this madrasa was transferred to the Gazi Husrev Bey library in Sarajevo, as part of a project that included the storage of manuscripts from all madrasas in Bosnia and Herzegovina in a suitable place. Nevertheless, even after that year, manuscripts continue to arrive in this library, so today it contains a solid manuscript collection. Although it was digitized in 2012 in the manuscript digitization project of the Bosnian manuscript collections by the Yunus Emre Institute, the catalogue of this manuscript collection has never been presented.
cultural and intellectual history of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Four Years of Sarajevo: The Picture of Sarajevo Sanjak Drawn by its Expences
This article is about the expenses of “Sarajevo” Sanjak, which is the center of the Bosnian Province. These expenses are recorded in the Financial Expense Notebook (ML. MSF. d) at the Ottoman Archives. ML. MSF. d. is one of the rich records of the archive. These notebooks include the salaries of employees of administrative and military positions in the Ottoman finances and local expenditure items such as subsidy and constructions. Therefore, they are important data records in understanding the cost and financing of administrative units, institutional structures and activities. In the article, four expense books related to the Saray Sanjak dated Rumi 1277, 1278, 1279, 1280 (Gregorian 1861-65) are used. The article has two aims: One, to analyze the size of the financial/administrative organization in Sarajevo, and second, to determine “state capacity” in Sarajevo. In the article, firstly, the registration order of expense books is discussed. Then, the expenditure items in each of the notebooks are analyzed and data sets are obtained. It then focuses on the Sarajevo sanjak scenery that these datasets reveal. Subsequently, the visibility of the “state” in the Sarajevo sanjak is determined. In the conclusion of the article, the general characteristics of the provincial accounting system are determined on the axis of Tanzimat's claim of financial centralization and particularly Sarajevo Sanjak.
In this paper, the Gureba-defter from 1261/1845 which testifies to a custom that was practiced during the month of Ramadan will be presented. It is a list of financial contributions that were collected from wealthy families and benefactors in Sarajevo in the month of Ramadan in 1845 for the religioushumanitarian fund of the same name known as “Aid to foreigners and the vulnerable ones”. Its main goal was to provide financial compensation to ulama (learned people), softas (students of the madrasa), musafirs (intentional travelers) from our and other parts of the Islamic world for their engagement in the month of Ramadan, such as reciting muḳābele (public recitation of the Qur’an), offering tārāviḥ-namāz (terawiya), i’tikāf (permanent stay in the mosque during the last ten days of Ramadan for prayer), delivering appropriate lectures, as well as helping the poor.
Several documents on Isa Bey’s tekke in Sarajevo (II)
There is no archival record connecting the zawiya founded by Gazi Isa Bey in Sarajevo (1462) to a dervish order (tariqat) till the end of the 18th century. Then, suddenly, with the appearance of Sheikh Osman Dede, Isa Bey’s zawiya began to be mentioned alongside the Mevlevi tariqat. This change took place when Sheikh Osman Dede, one of the dervishes of the Hacı Sinan Kadirî tekke in Sarajevo, became the sheikh of the Hacı Mahmud Mevlevi tekke and claimed that it was actually Isa Bey’s zawiya. At first, he convinced the authorities that the two lodges were one and the same, and even repaired the Mevlevi tekke with the income of the waqf of Isa Bey’s zawiya. He then further claimed that the waqf’s tawliyat (the right to manage the waqf) belonged to the sheikhs of the zawiya based on the waqf’ regulations, and took over the tawliyat of the waqf and appropriated the waqf’s property. Thus, a tawliyat lawsuit that would last for many years arose between the trustee of the zawiya foundation represented by Osman bin Mustafa residing in Skopje, from the lineage of İsa bey, and the new trustee of the foundation represented by Sheikh Osman Dede. The documents presented in this case reveal that certain aspects such as whether or not Isa Bey’s zawiya is really Mevlevi, which side has the right to the tawliyat of the zawiya’s waqf, and the conditions of endowment in the foundation charter (waqfiya) etc., have been questioned. Various types of documents found in the Ottoman Archive (Ottoman Archive of the Presidency of the Government - BOA) and in the Archives of the General Directorate of Waqfs in Ankara that shed light on the claims and events related to Isa Bey’s zawiya and its waqf starting from the time Sheikh Osman Dede became a Mevlevi sheikh, constituting the first part of this study, have already been published under the title “Several Documents About Isa Bey’s Tekke in Sarajevo (I)”. In this study, the documents from the Sarajevo court registers (sharia sijjils) held at Gazi Husrev’s Bey Library in Sarajevo, will be discussed. In a way, this study implements the documents already discussed in the earlier publication. These new documents that question the generally accepted claim that Isa Bey founded the zawiya as a Mevlevi and reveal the name of Haci Mahmud as the founder of the Mevlevi tekke are of extreme importance and may completely alter the history of the tariqats in Sarajevo all together. These documents are also of great importance not only for the research of the waqf institutions, but also for the research of legal history through the prism of the institution of the qadi and the functioning of the court.
On Sipahi Organization in the Eyalat of Bosnia During the 17th century
Through the prism of various sources of institutional character, lists of timar estates, news of individuals who were part of the administrative system or were close to it, and sources of narrative origin, the paper traces the movement of the number of timariots throughout the 17th century, growth and changes in the Timar system until its end. Within the framework of the above, an analysis of the value of timar estates defined by legal regulations is also carried out, in which the disruption in categorization, caused by the weakening of the timar system and the loss of the value of the zeamet, is much more noticeable. In a significant number of cases, zeamets retain their name only nominally, while their value falls below the legal minimum (20,000 akchas). Based on the stated values and obligations of the Sipahi, an estimate of the number of the Sipahi army is made, including the escort. After that, the distribution of timar estates according to regional and administrative areas of the Bosnian Eyalet, the burden of certain regions and participation in the financing of the Sipahi corps, and the material status of the Sipahi that drew from the timar system are analyzed. By comparing different data, it is concluded that there were no extreme changes, at least when it comes to the number and overall capacity of the Sipahi army in the 17th century. Contrary to the numerous conclusions that there was a significant increase in the timariots and the Sipahi themselves, there is a visible tendency of decline in those regions that remained entirely part of the Bosnian Eyalet after the Peace of Karlovac (1699). This tendency is followed through the Sanjaks of Bosnia, Herzegovina, Klis and Zvornik, where the number of timariots at the beginning of the 18thcentury was 173 less than at the beginning of the 17th century.
Arabic Poetry in the Work Muḥāḍara al-’awā’il wa musāmara al-’awāḫir by Ali-dede Bosniak
The Arabic qasida represented the canonical form in Arabic literature until modern times, and its influence is still felt today. The power of poetry is also evident in its presence in the prose works of classical Arabic literature. This is confirmed by many works that abound with verses by various Arab poets as well as verses by authors who were not poets. There is almost no area of adab, as literature in the broader sense of the term, without poetry finding its place in it - we find it in imaginative literature, risalas, historical chronicles, philosophical works, and even in fiqh, Islamic jurisprudence characterized by its seriousness and precision. In the following paper, we will analyze the use of Arabic poetry in the work Muḥāḍara al-ʼawāʼil wa musāmara al-ʼawāḫir by Ali-dede Bosniak, which treats the first and last events and deals with a large number of topics from different fields. Since this work is polythematic, we will see that the verses undoubtedly form a very important and effective segment of its structure.
Ahmed Sudi Bosneviʼs Commentaries on Ibn Ḥāğibʼs Grammatical Works al-Kāfiya and al-Šāfiya
Before the famous commentaries on the classical works of Persian literature, Ahmed Sudi Bosnevi wrote in Ottoman Turkish language commentaries on al-Kāfiya and al-Šāfiya, the works on Arabic syntax and morphology written by the famous Arab grammarian, Ibn Ḥāğib. The main purpose of this research is to explore and analyse different aspects of Sudiʼs commentaries on al-Kāfiya and al-Šāfiya, to give an insight into these hitherto unstudied manuscripts and to present Sudiʼs specific way of commenting by translation and description of passages from the original texts of the commentaries. In addition to this, the paper presents the educational and scientific path of Ahmed Sudi Bosnevi and his role as a muderis who tried to improve the teaching process by writing commentaries on the textbooks that were part of the Curriculum in Ottoman madrasas. Likewise, this paper investigates the significance of the original texts of al-Kāfiya and al-Šāfiya in the Arabic grammatical tradition.
Ahmed Sudi Bosnevi (ʼAḥmad Sūdī al-Būsnawī)
The Work of Maṭlaʻuʼl-Fecr by Salahuddin Ushshaqi (Salahi) As an Example of The First Regāʼibiyya in Ottoman Literature
This paper presents the work of Maṭlaʻuʼl-fecr by a famous Ottoman poet of the 18th century, Sheikh Abdullah Salahuddin Ushshaqi - Salahi. The work is of enormous importance for the entire Ottoman literature since it is the first poetic work that thematizes the conception of the Prophet of Islam. Thus, this is the first Regaʼibiyya written and composed for the purpose of performing at religious ceremonies on the occasion of Laylatur-regaib, the blessed night of the first Thursday in the month of Rajab. According to Islamic tradition, that night the Prophet’s mother Amina conceived Muhammad. Although this type of poetry is not as frequent in Ottoman literature as the Mawlid and Miʻrajiyya, its importance should not be neglected. It is particularly significant that the first Regaʼibiyya in the history of Ottoman literature was written by Salahuddin Ushshaqi, a poet of Bosnian descent. Therefore, in the continuance of the paper, general information about the author, his life and work is offered, and after the basic characteristics of Salahi’s Regaʼibiyya, an integral translation of the Mathnawi Maṭlaʻuʼl-fecr is presented. The translation itself is accompanied by additional explanations and interpretations of certain terms or verses.
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Amra Mulović, Diskursna analiza govora predsjednika svrgnutih tokom Arap­skog proljeća, Centar za napredne studije, 2020 (Esad Duraković) Amira Trnka-Uzunović, Arapski veznici i njihova semantika u Kur’anu, Fakul­tet islamskih nauka i El-Kalem, 2020 (Vedad Hurić) Ekrem Čaušević, Barbara Kerovec, Turski u usporedbi i kontrastiranju: Sinta­gma i jednostavna rečenica, Ibis grafika, 2021 (Sabina Bakšić) Madžida Mašić, Poetika gazela u Divanu Ahmeda Taliba Bošnjaka, Univerzitet u Sarajevu - Orijentalni institut, 2021 (Esad Duraković) Munir Drkić, Osnove perzijskog jezika – gramatika sa vježbama, Kulturni cen­tar Ambasade IR Iran u BiH, 2021 (Merisa Đido) Vjeran Kursar, Nenad Moačanin, Kornelija Jurin Starčević (Ed.), Evliya Çelebi in the Borderlands: New Insights and Novel Approaches to the Seyahat­name (Western Balkans and Iran Sections), Srednja Evropa, 2021 (Fuad Ohranović) Alma Omanović-Veladžić, Hronika Muhameda Enverija Kadića kao izvor za izučavanje kulturne historije Bosne i Hercegovine, Univerzitet u Saraje­vu - Orijentalni institut, 2021 (Emrah Seljaci) Mubera Bavčić i Lamija Hatibović, Bibliografija izdanja Orijentalnog instituta 1950. – 2020. / Bibliography of publications of the Institute for oriental studies 1950 - 2020, Univerzitet u Sarajevu - Orijentalni institut, 2021 (Sabaheta Gačanin
Bibliografija radova prof. dr. Ekrema Čauševića
On the Concept of the Ottoman Medreses՚ Curriculum During the Classical Age (1470-1839)
Some of the main characteristics of the centralised Ottoman system of education are the unitary basic curriculum, determined medrese categorisation and clearly defined the way of muderrises promotion. This paper aims to present the curriculum of the Ottoman medreses in the classical age (1470–1839) that is based on primary sources: laws passed by the Ottoman sultans Mehmed II The Conqueror (1451–1481) and Suleiman The Magnificent (1520–1566). The scientific autobiography of the Ottoman scholar Ahmad Tashköprüzade and the official report from 1741 for the French embassy are discussed in this paper. The analysis of the teaching methods, representation of some sciences in the curriculum, and contents of some textbooks are also presented.
Several Documents About Isa-Bey’s Tekke In Sarajevo (I)
The historical literature generally agrees that the zawiya built by Gazi Isa-bey in Sarajevo in 1462 on the right bank of the Miljacka river was a Mevlevi tekke from its inception. This thesis, however, cannot be supported by any clear historical evidence. According to the archives, the first documents linking Isa-bey’s zawiya to the Mevlevi tariqat date from a much later period than its founding. These documents originate from the last quarter of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. They discuss the efforts and activities of Sheikh Osman Dede to establish a waqf for Isa Bey’s tekke in order to present it as Mevlevi. These documents contain important information regarding Isa-bey’s tekke in Sarajevo and the waqf that Osman Dede left to the zawiya, as well as the Mevlevi zawiya established by Haci Mahmud on the land of the waqf of Isa-bey and the Mevlevi order in Sarajevo.